Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 8 de 8
Filter
1.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 40(12): 779-786, Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977811

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The use of molecular markers can identify a subgroup of tumors with distinct recurrence patterns. The present study aimed to characterize the immunohistochemical expression of vimentin (VIM), of E-cadherin (CDH1), and of cytokeratin 5 (CK5) in patients with invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs). Methods We have constructed a tissuemicroarray (TMA) from87 patients with IDC of the breast. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to study the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), VIM, CDH1, CK5, and Ki67. The tumors were classified as luminal A and B (n = 39), HER2 enriched (n = 25), and triple-negative (TNBC) (n = 23), based on the IHC expression. Results We have observed that luminal A and B tumors lack the VIM+/CDH1-/low phenotype. This phenotype was observed in 16.5% of the HER2+ tumors and in 60% of the TNBC tumors (p = 0.0001). Out of a total of 20 TNBC tumors, the CK5 (basal-like marker) was positive in 11 of them. The VIM+/CDH1-/low phenotype was observed in 5 CK5+ TNBC tumors (45%) and in 7 out of 9 CK5- TNBC tumors (78%) (p = 0.02). The median Ki67 index in the VIM+/CDH1-/low tumors was 13.6 (range: 17.8-45.4) compared with 9.8 (range: 4.1-38.1) in other tumors (p = 0.0007). The presence of lymph nodemetastasis was less frequent in patients with VIM+/CDH1-/low tumors (23% versus 61%; X2 test; p = 0.01). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the expression of VIM and CDH1 can identify a subset of IDCs of the breast with a mesenchymal phenotype associated with poor prognosis, high-grade lesion, and high mitotic index.


Resumo Objetivo O uso de marcadores moleculares pode identificar subtipos tumorais com diferentes taxas de recidiva. O objetivo do presente estudo é caracterizar a expressão imunohistoquímica da vimentina (VIM), da E-caderina (CDH1) e de CK5 em pacientes com carcinoma ductal invasivo (CDI) da mama. Métodos Utilizamos uma matriz de amostras teciduais (TMA, na sigla em inglês) de 87 pacientes com CDI da mama. Para avaliar a expressão dos receptores de estrogênio (RE) e receptores de progesterona (RP), HER2, VIM, CDH1, CK5 e Ki67, utilizamos imunohistoquímica. Os tumores foram classificados como luminal A e B (n = 39), HER2+ (n = 25) e triplo negativo (TNBC) (n = 23). Resultados Foi observado que tumores luminais A e B não expressaram o fenótipo VIM+/CDH1-/low. Este fenótipo foi observado em 16,5% dos tumores HER2+ e em 60% dos tumores TNBC (p = 0,0001). Dos 20 tumores TNBC, a CK5 (marcador de tumor basalóide) foi super expressa em 11 amostras. O fenótipo VIM+/CDH1-/low foi observado em 5 tumores CK5+ TNBC (45%) e em 7 dos 9 tumores CK5- TNBC (78%) (p = 0,02). A expressão média de Ki67 nos tumores VIM+/CDH1-/low foi 13.6 (amplitude de 17,8 a 45,4) comparado com 9,8 (amplitude de 4,1 a 38,1) nos outros tumores (p = 0,0007). A presença demetástase linfonodal foimenor em tumores com fenótipo VIM+/CDH1-/low (23% contra 61%; teste X2; p = 0,01). Conclusão Nossos achados sugerem que a expressão de VIM e CDH1 pode identificar um subtipo de CDI da mama com fenótipo mesenquimal associado a pior prognóstico, lesões de alto grau e alto índice mitótico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Vimentin/biosynthesis , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cadherins/biosynthesis , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Keratin-5/biosynthesis , Vimentin/analysis , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Immunohistochemistry , Cadherins/analysis , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/classification , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , Keratin-5/analysis , Middle Aged
2.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 41(2): 279-287, Mar-Apr/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748308

ABSTRACT

Introductıon Ureteral obstruction is a common pathology and caused kidney fibrosis and dysfunction at late period. In this present, we investigated the antifibrotic and antiinflammatory effects of montelukast which is cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, on kidney damage after unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO) in rats. Mateirıals and Methods 32 rats divided four groups. Group 1 was control, group 2 was sham, group 3 was rats with UUO and group 4 was rats with UUO which were given montelukast sodium (oral 10 mg/kg/day). After 14 days, rats were killed and their kidneys were taken and blood analysis was performed. Tubular necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration and interstitial fibrosis scoring were determined histopathologically in a part of kidneys; nitric oxide(NO), malondialdehyde(MDA) and reduced glutathione(GSH) levels were determined in the other part of kidneys. Urea-creatinine levels were investigated at blood analysis. Statistical analyses were made by the Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results There was no difference significantly for urea-creatinine levels between groups. Pathologically, there was serious tubular necrosis and fibrosis in group 3 and there was significantly decreasing for tubular necrosis and fibrosis in group 4(p<0.005). Also, there was significantly increasing for NO and MDA levels; decreasing for GSH levels in group 3 compared the other groups(p<0.005). Conclusıon We can say that montelukast prevent kidney damage with antioxidant effect, independently of NO. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , DNA-Binding Proteins/analysis , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Estrogen Receptor alpha/analysis , Transcription Factors/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cadherins/analysis , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Tissue Array Analysis , beta Catenin/analysis
4.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(1): 15-21, ene.-feb. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-633814

ABSTRACT

The correlation between axillary status and several histological features of breast carcinomas has been well established, however stromal changes have rarely been analyzed. Detailed clinicopathological review of 1803 patients with infiltrating breast carcinoma was performed. Stromal myxoid changes (SMC), size (T2-T3: > 2 cm, T1c: 1-2 cm, T1 a-b: < 1cm), fibrotic focus, age, lymphovascular embolizations, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), multifocality, histological grade (G), estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and HER2 were semi-quantitated in two or three grades and correlated to axillary status. SMC3 followed by T2-T3, G3, fibrotic focus, T1c, embolizations, SMC2, TIL2, G2 and multifocality were strongly associated with positive axillary nodes; an inverse association was found with ER+++ and PR+++. Our findings support a critical role of the peritumoral stroma in the development of metastases. These stromal alterations should be remarked in routine pathology reports as they can be easily assessed and provide important information about tumor biology and aggressiveness. They could also become, in a future, the target of novel therapeutics.


La correlación entre estado axilar y varias características histológicas de los carcinomas de mama está bien establecida, sin embargo los cambios estromales rara vez fueron analizados. En el presente trabajo se realizó una revisión detallada de las características clínico-patológicas de 1803 pacientes con carcinoma infiltrante de mama. Los cambios mixoides estromales (SMC), el tamaño tumoral (T2-T3: > 2 cm, T1c: 1-2 cm, T1 a-b: < 1 cm), el foco fibroso, la edad, embolizaciones tumorales linfovasculares, infiltracion linfocitaria tumoral (TIL), multifocalidad, grado histológico (G), los receptores estrogénicos (RE) y los receptores progestacionales (RP) y HER2 fueron semicuantificados en dos o tres grados y correlacionados con el estado axilar. El estudio multivariante demostró la asociación entre SMC grado 3 seguido por el tamaño tumoral T2-T3, G3, foco fibroso, T1c, embolizaciones tumorales linfovasculares, SMC2, TIL2, G2, multifocalidad y presencia de ganglios axilares metastásicos (p < 0.0001). Asimismo pudo comprobarse una asociación inversa entre RE+++ y RP+++ (p < 0.0001) con la presencia de metástasis axilares. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren un rol crítico del estroma peritumoral en el desarrollo de metástasis. Estas alteraciones estromales deberían, en nuestra opinión, constar en los informes de patología quirúrgica dado que son de fácil evaluación y aportan importante información acerca de la biología y agresividad tumoral. Además podrían convertirse, en un futuro, en el blanco de nuevas terapéuticas.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , /blood , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Axilla , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , Epidemiologic Methods , Lymphatic Metastasis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/classification
5.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 36(5): 406-412, set.-out. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-535834

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever, correlacionar e comparar a expressão dos marcadores tumorais CD-34 (angiogênese) e caspase-3 (apoptose) em carcinoma ductal invasor de mama. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 22 casos de adenocarcinoma infiltrante de mama provenientes de blocos de parafina e, após preparo específico para imunoistoquímica, 15 apresentaram leitura satisfatória e foram avaliados pelo sistema de fotocitometria de imagem SAMBA 4000® e software IMMUNO®. Os parâmetros analisados foram o índice de marcagem e densidade óptica. RESULTADOS: Para o CD-34 não houve normalidade dos dados na análise do índice de marcagem, com obtenção de P=0,019, havendo normalidade para a análise da densidade óptica, com P=0,199. Para a caspase-3 houve normalidade de dados para o índice marcagem com P=0,306 e para a densidade óptica com P=0,114; não houve diferença estatística significativa entre eles em relação à média do índice de marcagem (P=0,872) e da densidade óptica (P=0,816), quando analisados os parâmetros que definem a expressão dos marcadores; existiu tendência à associação entre a densidade óptica e o índice de marcagem do marcador tumoral caspase-3, com P=0,025. Não foi observada tendência à associação quando comparados densidade óptica e índice de marcagem do marcador tumoral CD-34; índice de marcagem do marcador tumoral caspase-3 e índice de marcagem do marcador tumoral CD-34; e densidade óptica da caspase-3 com a do CD-34. CONCLUSÃO: Dos 22 casos incluídos foi possível verificar a expressão do marcador CD-34 em 18 lâminas e da caspase-3 em 22 lâminas; Para o CD-34 não houve normalidade dos dados na análise do índice de marcagem, havendo sim normalidade para a análise da densidade óptica. Para a caspase-3 houve normalidade de dados tanto para o índice de marcagem como para a densidade óptica. Existe tendência à associação entre a densidade óptica e o índice de marcagem da caspase-3. Não foi observada tendência quando comparados densidade óptica e índice...


OBJECTIVE: Describe, correlate and compare the expression of the tumor markers CD 34 (angiogenesis) and caspase-3 (apoptosis) in invasive breast adenocarcinoma, through image cytometry with the system SAMBA4000®. METHODS: Twenty-two cases of invasive breast adenocarcinoma from paraffin-embedded archival tissue, and after specific prepare, fifteen cases presented a satisfactory lecture with SAMBA4000® and could, finally, be evaluated by the software IMMUNO® (n = 15). The parameters analysed were the label index - in percentage, indicating the marked surface - and the optical density, in pixels - indicator of the marker intensity. The results were tabulated and expressed in averages, mediums, minimum and maximum values. The statistic analysis was realized by the Shapiro-Wilkins, Student test, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation, with statistic significance for values from p < 0,05. RESULTS: There was no data normality for the label index CD34 (p= 0,019), there was normality in the analysis of the optical density of both markers and label index of the marker Caspase-3. There was no difference relating to the average of the index marker and the optical density when they were compared. CONCLUSIONS: There was a tendency to correlate the label index and the optical density of the tumor marker caspase-3, the same did not occur with the tumor marker CD 34. Other analysis did not show any correlation between the two studied markers. Other studies involving theses two cell processes are needed to extend the knowledge of the cancer biomolecular mechanic and to permit new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , /analysis , /biosynthesis , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism , /analysis , /biosynthesis , Cytophotometry
6.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 31(9): 461-467, set. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-529614

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: avaliar a expressão de erbB-2 e dos receptores hormonais para estrógeno e progesterona (RE/RP) nas regiões de transição entre as frações in situ e invasoras de neoplasias ductais da mama (CDIS e CDI, respectivamente). MÉTODOS: oitenta e cinco casos de neoplasias mamárias, contendo regiões contíguas de CDIS e CDI, foram selecionados. Espécimes histológicos das áreas de CDIS e de CDI foram obtidos através da técnica de tissue microarray (TMA). As expressões da erbB-2 e dos RE/RP foram avaliadas por meio de imunoistoquímica convencional. A comparação da expressão da erbB-2 e dos RE/RP nas frações in situ e invasoras da mama foi realizada com emprego do teste de McNemar. Os intervalos de confiança foram determinados em 5 por cento (p=0,05). Foram calculados coeficientes de correlação intraclasse (ICC) para avaliar a concordância na tabulação cruzada da expressão de erbB-2 e RE/RP nas frações de CDIS e CDI. RESULTADOS: a expressão da erbB-2 não diferiu entre as áreas de CDIS e CDI (p=0,38). Comparando caso a caso suas áreas de CDIS e CDI, houve boa concordância na expressão da erbB-2 (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, ICC=0,64), dos RP (ICC = 0,71) e dos RE (ICC = 0,64). Considerando apenas tumores cujo componente in situ apresentasse áreas de necrose (comedo), o ICC para erbB-2 foi de 0,4, comparado a 0,6 no conjunto completo de casos. Os ICC não diferiram substancialmente daqueles obtidos com o conjunto completo de espécimes em relação aos RE/RP: para RE, ICC=0,7 (versus 0,7 no conjunto completo), e para RP, ICC=0,7 (versus 0,6 no conjunto completo). CONCLUSÕES: nossos achados sugerem que as expressões de erbB-2 e RE/RP não diferem nos componentes contíguos in situ e invasivo em tumores ductais da mama.


PURPOSE: to evaluate the expression of erbB-2 and of the estrogen and progesterone (ER/P) hormonal receptors in the transition regions between the in situ and the invasive fractions of ductal breast neoplasia (ISDC and IDC, respectively). METHODS: Eighty-five cases of breast neoplasia, containing contiguous ISDC and IDC areas, were selected. Histological specimens from the ISDC and the IDC areas were obtained through the tissue microarray (TMA) technique. The erbB-2 and the ER/PR expressions were evaluated through conventional immunohistochemistry. The McNemar's test was used for the comparative analysis of the expressions of erbB-2 protein and the ER/PR in the in situ and invasive regions of the tumors. The confidence intervals were set to 5 percent (p=0.05). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to assess the cross-tabulation agreement of the erbB-2 and the ER/PR expression in the ISDC and the IDC areas. RESULTS: the erbB-2 expression has not differed between the ISDC and the IDC areas (p=0.38). Comparing the two areas in each case, there was agreement in the expression of erbB-2 (ICC=0.64), PR (ICC=0.71) and ER (ICC=0.64). Restricting the analysis to tumors with the in situ component harboring necrosis (comedo), the ICC for erbB-2 was 0.4, compared to 0.6 for the whole sample. In this select group, the ICC for PR/ER did not differ substantially from those obtained with the complete dataset: as for the ER, ICC=0.7 (versus 0.7 for the entire sample) and for PR, ICC=0.7 (versus 0.6 for the entire sample). CONCLUSIONS: our findings suggest that the erbB-2 and the ER/PR expressions do not differ in the contiguous in situ and invasive components of breast ductal tumors.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/metabolism , /biosynthesis , Receptors, Estrogen/biosynthesis , Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/chemistry , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology , /analysis , Receptors, Estrogen/analysis , Receptors, Progesterone/analysis
7.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 55(2): 163-168, 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-514815

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Novel rabbit monoclonal antibodies (RabMab) for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) receptors and HER2 evaluation by immunohistochemistry have recently been commercially released. We compared the RabMab anti-ER, anti-PR and anti-HER2 to mouse monoclonal antibodies (Mab) using tissue microarrays (TMA) of breast carcinomas. METHODS: Two TMA containing breast carcinomas were built. Sections were immunostained using anti-ER and anti-PR, Mab and RabMab. The sections stained for ER and PR were evaluated considering positive those tumors in which more than 1 percent of the tumor cell nuclei stained moderate or strong. For HER2, the immunostained sections were evaluated using the ASCO/CAP guidelines for HER2. Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) was used as the gold standard for HER2 evaluation. CISH was evaluated using the Zymed HER2 CISH interpretation guidelines. RESULTS: RabMab against ER have similar staining patterns compared to the 6F11 (Mab), but stronger than 1D5 (Mab) from three different suppliers. The RabMab against PR provide stronger and sharper immunohistochemical signals compared to Mab. The detection of HER2 protein overexpression was more prevalent with the polyclonal antibodies and RabMab than with the Mab. These were more specific than the RabMab, which were more sensitive when compared to CISH. CONCLUSION: The novel RabMab against ER and PR showed higher intensity of staining than the Mab. The RabMab against HER2 is more sensitive than Mab, however, Mab presented more specificity than RabMab when compared to CISH for HER2 evaluation of breast carcinomas.


OBJETIVOS: Novos anticorpos monoclonais de coelho (RabMab) para a avaliação imuno-histoquímica de receptores de estrógeno (RE), progesterona (RP) e HER2 foram lançados comercialmente. Comparamos os RabMab anti-RE, anti-RP e anti-HER2 com os anticorpos monoclonais de camundongo (Mab) utilizando tissue microarrays (TMA) de carcinomas de mama. MÉTODOS: Foram construídos dois TMAs de carcinomas de mama. As secções foram marcadas usando anti-RE, anti-RP e anti-HER2, Mab e RabMab através de imuno-histoquímica. As secções marcadas para RE e RP foram avaliadas considerando positivos aqueles tumores nos quais mais de 1 por cento dos núcleos coraram moderadamente ou forte. Para HER2, as secções foram avaliadas utilizando as recomendações da ASCO/CAP para HER2. Hibridização in situ cromogênica (CISH) foi usada como padrão-ouro para avaliação de HER2. CISH foi avaliado utilizando as recomendações da Zymed. RESULTADOS: Os RabMab anti-RE apresentam intensidade de coloração semelhante ao 6F11 (Mab), porém maior que o 1D5 (Mab) proveniente de três diferentes fabricantes. Os RabMab anti-RP apresentaram sinal imunoistoquímico mais forte e delimitado comparado aos Mab. A detecção da superexpressão da proteína HER2 foi mais prevalente entre os anticorpos policlonais e RabMab, que se mostraram mais sensíveis quando comparados com o CISH. CONCLUSÃO: Os novos RabMab anti-RE e RP proporcionaram maior intensidade de coloração que os Mab. O RabMab anti-HER2 apresentou maior sensibilidade que os Mab, porém os Mab apresentaram maior especificidade quando comparados com o CISH para a avaliação de HER2 em carcinomas de mama.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Rabbits , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , /analysis , Receptors, Estrogen/analysis , Receptors, Progesterone/analysis , Microarray Analysis/methods , /immunology , Receptors, Estrogen/immunology , Receptors, Progesterone/immunology , Staining and Labeling , Statistics, Nonparametric
8.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 55(5): 529-534, 2009. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-530552

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar a frequência de carcinomas mamários de fenótipo basal em uma série de tumores triplo-negativos (TTN), definidos pela negatividade para receptores de estrógeno (RE), de progesterona (RP) e HER2. MÉTODOS: Selecionamos 140 TTN, obtendo-se características clínico-patológicas e sobrevida. Microarranjo de tecido (2 cilindros de cada tumor) foi construído e submetido à imunoistoquímica para RE, RP, HER2, citoqueratinas (Cks) 5 e 14, EGFR, p63 e p53. Consideramos carcinomas de fenótipo basal os tumores negativos para RE, RP e HER2, e positivos para CK5. RESULTADOS: Encontramos 105 carcinomas de fenótipo basal entre 140 TTN (frequência=75 por cento). A idade média das pacientes foi de 54,8 anos, sendo que 34,3 por cento estavam na pré-menopausa. A maioria dos tumores foi classificada como carcinoma ductal invasor de alto grau. Os TTN exibiram positividade para CK5 (75,0 por cento), CK14 (29 por cento), EGFR (36,4 por cento), p63 (28,6 por cento) e p53 (67,1 por cento). Estadiamento avançado da doença foi observado em 52 pacientes (50 por cento), com diâmetro tumoral maior que 5 cm em 41 casos (39 por cento) e metástases axilares em 61 casos (59,2 por cento). Seguimento clínico foi obtido em 89 pacientes (média=51 meses). Destas, 45 pacientes (50,5 por cento) evoluíram sem doença; 6 (6,7 por cento) estavam vivas com doença e 38 (42,6 por cento) morreram pelo câncer. Recidiva sistêmica ocorreu em 42 pacientes (47,1 por cento), sendo pulmões, cérebro e ossos os principais sítios de metástases. As médias das sobrevidas global e livre de doença foram de 36 e 28 meses, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Nosso estudo confirma comportamento clínico agressivo e elevada frequência dos carcinomas de fenótipo basal entre os TTN, semelhante ao descrito em casuísticas norte-americanas e europeias.


OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate basal phenotype in a series of triple-negative (estrogen and progesterone receptors-negative and HER2-negative) invasive mammary carcinomas. METHODS: We selected 140 previously tested triple-negative tumors. Clinical, histopathological and survival data were obtained. A tissue microarray containing 2 cylinders from each tumor was constructed and immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2, cytokeratins (CK) 5 and 14, EGFR, p63, and p53 was performed. We considered basal like-cancers (BLC) those tumors that were ER/PR/HER2-negative and CK5-positive. RESULTS: We found 105 cases of BLC from 140 triple-negative tumors (frequency=75.0 percent). The mean age at diagnosis was 54.8 years-old and 34.3 percent were premenopausal women. The majority of tumors were high grade (83.7 percent) and of ductal/no-special-type (80.8 percent). Triple-negative tumors showed immunoreactivity for CK5 (75.0 percent), CK14 (29.0 percent), EGFR (28.6 percent), p63 (28.6 percent), and p53 (67.1 percent). Tumor size larger than 5cm was observed in 41 cases (39.0 percent) and axillary metastases were detected in 61 patients (59.2 percent). Follow-up was recorded for 89 patients (mean=51 months): 45 patients (50.5 percent) with no evidence of disease; 6 patients (6.7 percent) were alive with disease; and 38 patients (42.6 percent) died of the disease. Relapse was detected in 42 women (47.1 percent), lungs, brain, and bones being the most common sites of metastasis. The mean overall survival was 36 months and the mean disease-free interval was 28 months. CONCLUSION: Our findings confirmed that BLC are poor prognosis and highly-frequent carcinomas among triple-negative tumors, similar to data previously reported in North American and European patients.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Axilla/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Epidemiologic Methods , /analysis , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Phenotype , /analysis , Receptors, Estrogen/analysis , Receptors, Progesterone/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL